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Priapulus caudatus

pic (1)

Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Priapulida
Class: Priapulimorpha
Order: Priapulimorphida
Family: Priapulidae
Genus: Priapulus
Species: Priapulus caudatus(2)

PictureEcdysozoa Phylogenetic tree (7)
Description:
  • Protostome (4)
  • Free-living benthic marine worms with an eversible proboscis (3)
  • Range in size from 1 mm (early instars may be as small as 50 µm) to more than 40 cm in length (3)
  • The body is cylindrical and includes an introvert that includes spines (retractable and invertible proboscis), a neck-like collar, a trunk, and sometimes a "tail" (3)

Picture
Body Structure (5)
Nutrition(3):
  • Feed on soft-bodied invertebrates such as polychaete worms and other priapulans
  • While feeding, a portion of the toothed pharynx is ejected through the mouth at the end of the extended introvert, then retracted together with the prey item
Habitat(3):
  • Found from polar seas to the tropics and from ocean trenches to the intertidal zone 
  • Burrow actively in relatively fine marine sediments, primarily in boreal and cold temperate seas, burrow or live interstitially among sediment particles 
Reproduction(3):
  • Separate sexes
  • Males spawn first, then females; fertilization is external
  • Nearly all species have a non-swimming benthic larval stage, which may last as long as one to two years
  • Larvae live in mud and are probably detritivores
Conservation Status(6):
  • Not considered threatened or endangered
Interesting facts:
  • Commonly known as the penis worm (3)
  • Has helped researchers to further study the evolution of digestion since they are categorized as protostomes but develops like a deuterostome (4)
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